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Exam 12: Processes Of Evolution

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Question 31

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Match the evolutionary concepts correctly with the correct description or example.Some choices may be used more than once. -The genitals of snakes are analogous to a lock and key mechanism- the "keys' will only fit in certain "locks".

A) reproductive isolation
B) sexual selection
C) directional selection
D) disruptive selection
E) genetic drift
F) founder effect
G) gene flow
H) stabilizing selection

I) B) and F)
J) A) and H)

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Question 32

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Individuals,such as veterinarians,who work closely with farm animals treated with antibiotics tend to carry ____ as a result.

A) lethal bacteria
B) bacteria vulnerable to all antibiotics
C) bacteria vulnerable to some antibiotics
D) bacteria resistant to Flavomycin® but not vancomycin
E) more antibiotic-resistant bacteria

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Question 33

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Match the evolutionary concepts correctly with the correct description or example.Some choices may be used more than once. -The Industrial Revolution resulted in soot-covered trees,which allowed dark colored peppered moths to blend in and escape predators; the moth population eventually became comprised of mostly dark colored individuals.

For each statement, select the best choice that represents the description given. -inbreeding,or mating between closely related individuals,can lead to homozygosity of an allele in all members of a population

A ____ mutation changes the DNA sequence but has no impact on the fitness of the individual.

-disruptive selection - a midrange form of a trait is eliminated,and extreme forms are adaptive.

In the 16th century,a Spanish ship explored a Pacific Island that had a small mountain range separating it.Mice that were on the ship escaped onto the island on both sides of the mountain range.After decades of separation the two populations developed different numbers of chromosomes,resulting in reproductive isolation that prevented any future interbreeding.This speciation event is an example of ____.

Which population is more likely to be affected by genetic drift?  

Match the evolutionary concepts correctly with the correct description or example.Some choices may be used more than once. -A small population of humans colonize a deserted island and most of them have attached earlobes.One hundred years later,the colony consists of 550 people,all of whom have attached earlobes.

Overhunting of the northern elephant seals left only twenty individuals,from which the modern population arose.As a result,each animal is most likely ____ for most alleles.

Environmental pressures result in a(n) ____ of adaptive alleles.

Any change in allele frequencies in a gene pool is called ____.

Mutations that result in the death of the individual are known as ____.

In a tropical forest some leaves are dark green and some are light green.In a population of caterpillars,homozygous dominant dark green caterpillars thrive eating the dark green foliage,while homozygous recessive light green caterpillars thrive eating light green foliage.However,heterozygous caterpillars of an intermediate color green are easily seen by birds and eaten,thus their numbers are far less than the dominants or recessives.This is an example of ____ selection.

Over evolutionary time,flowering plants have evolved colors,odors,and nectar that attract pollinating insects and the insects have evolved mechanisms that detect the changes in plants and to better collect pollen.This is an example of ____.

For each statement, select the genetic evolutionary concept that best represents the description. -The movement of alleles between populations

With the extinction of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago,multiple niches that the dinosaurs once filled opened up and allowed mammals the opportunity to evolve and exploit those niches.This is an example of ____.

In the case of the cichlid fish in Lake Victoria,____ was the driving force of speciation.

All of the alleles in a population make up the ____.

For each statement, select the best choice that represents the description given. -evolutionary history of a species