Question 1

The most selective antibacterial agents are those that interfere with bacterial cell wall synthesis.This is because

Accepted Answer

A)  bacterial cell walls have a unique structure not found in eukaryotic host cells.
B)  bacterial cell wall synthesis is easily inhibited whereas eukaryotic cell wall synthesis is more resistant to the actions of the drugs.
C)  eukaryotic cells do not take up the drugs.
D)  eukaryotic cells inactivate the drugs before they can do any damage.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 2

Chemotherapeutic agents that are chemically modified natural products of microorganisms are most specifically referred to as __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  antimicrobial agents
B)  synthetic drugs
C)  antibiotics
D)  semisynthetic drugsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Which of the following is normally treated by antifungal creams and solutions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Systemic mycoses
B)  Superficial mycoses
C)  Subcutaneous mycoses
D)  Intramuscular mycosesE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

In addition to inhibiting the transpeptidation reaction in cell wall synthesis,penicillins may also destroy bacteria by

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibiting DNA replication.
B)  stimulating proteins to form holes in the plasma membrane.
C)  inhibiting protein synthesis.
D)  None of the choices are correct.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Aminoglycoside antibiotics

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibit cell wall synthesis.
B)  inhibit folic acid biosynthesis.
C)  bind to the 30S ribosomal subunit.
D)  bind to bacterial DNA polymerase.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 6

Treatment of fungal infections is more difficult than treatment of bacterial infections because the greater metabolic similarity between the fungi and their hosts limits the ability of a drug to have a selective toxicity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The lowest concentration of an antibiotic that prevents growth is the

Accepted Answer

A)  minimal inhibitory concentration (MI
C)  .
B)  minimal lethal concentration (ML
C)  .
C)  50% inhibitory dose.
D)  All of the choices are correct.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 8

The use of arsenic compound Salvarsan as a treatment for syphilis is credited to

Accepted Answer

A)  Fleming.
B)  Ehrlich.
C)  Waksman.
D)  Chain.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

All of the following are reverse transcriptase inhibitors used to treat HIV infection EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  azidothymidine.
B)  zalcitabine.
C)  lamivudine.
D)  didanosine.
E)  acyclovir.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

One way that the development of drug resistance in viruses has been reduced has been by the use of a cocktail of several drugs at high doses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following is the major reason why it has been difficult to treat viral infections with chemotherapeutic agents?

Accepted Answer

A)  Viral metabolism resembles that of their hosts so there is no selective point of attack.
B)  Viruses use the metabolic machinery of their hosts,which limits many of the potential points of attack.
C)  Viruses have no metabolism and therefore offer no selective point of attack.
D)  Actually,viruses are not difficult to treat with chemotherapeutic agents.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Genes for drug resistance may be present

Accepted Answer

A)  on the chromosome.
B)  on plasmids.
C)  on mitochondrial DNA.
D)  both on the chromosome and on plasmids.
E)  both on plasmids and on mitochondrial DNA.F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

Vancomycin

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibits the transglycosylase reaction in peptidoglycan biosynthesis.
B)  interferes with the action of the lipid carrier that transports peptidoglycan precursors across the plasma membrane.
C)  inhibits the transpeptidation reaction in peptidoglycan biosynthesis.
D)  blocks the addition of the pentapeptide chain during peptidoglycan biosynthesis.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 14

Which of the following inhibits protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dapsone
B)  Erythromycin
C)  Penicillin
D)  IsoniazidE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Chemotherapeutic agents that are artificially produced are most specifically referred to as __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  antimicrobial agents
B)  synthetic drugs
C)  antibiotics
D)  semisynthetic drugsE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Which of the following is (are) true about cephalosporins?

Accepted Answer

A)  They,like penicillin,inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis.
B)  There are four generations of cephalosporins.
C)  They can be given to patients with penicillin allergies.
D)  All of the choices are correct.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Who is generally credited with the discovery of sulfanilamide as a chemotherapeutic agent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gerhard Domagk
B)  Ernest Duchesne
C)  Ernst Chain
D)  Robert KochE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Consider an antibacterial drug.In which of the following cases would the action of the drug be considered primarily bacteriostatic?

Accepted Answer

A)  The minimal lethal concentration (ML
C)  is equal to the minimal inhibitory concentration (MI
C)  .
B)  The MLC is lower than the MIC.
C)  The MLC is 2-4 times higher than the MIC.
D)  The MLC is 10-20 times higher than the MIC.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Drugs are used to treat malaria include

Accepted Answer

A)  chloroquine.
B)  qualaquin.
C)  metronidazole.
D)  chloroquine and qualaquin.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 20

The major reason why there are fewer antiprotozoan drugs than antibacterial drugs is because

Accepted Answer

A)  antiprotozoan drugs are not needed in the United States.
B)  antiprotozoan drugs cost much more than antibacterial drugs to develop.
C)  it is much more difficult to develop selectively toxic antiprotozoan drugs since protozoan cells are eukaryotic.
D)  antiprotozoan drugs are only effective when injected.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Exam 9: Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Treatment of fungal infections is more difficult than treatment of bacterial infections because the greater metabolic similarity between the fungi and their hosts limits the ability of a drug to have a selective toxicity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Genes for drug resistance may be present

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In addition to inhibiting the transpeptidation reaction in cell wall synthesis,penicillins may also destroy bacteria by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is normally treated by antifungal creams and solutions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One way that the development of drug resistance in viruses has been reduced has been by the use of a cocktail of several drugs at high doses.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are reverse transcriptase inhibitors used to treat HIV infection EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vancomycin

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most selective antibacterial agents are those that interfere with bacterial cell wall synthesis.This is because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Consider an antibacterial drug.In which of the following cases would the action of the drug be considered primarily bacteriostatic?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following inhibits protein synthesis?

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Who is generally credited with the discovery of sulfanilamide as a chemotherapeutic agent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Drugs are used to treat malaria include

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Chemotherapeutic agents that are chemically modified natural products of microorganisms are most specifically referred to as __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Aminoglycoside antibiotics

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The lowest concentration of an antibiotic that prevents growth is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is (are) true about cephalosporins?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the major reason why it has been difficult to treat viral infections with chemotherapeutic agents?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The use of arsenic compound Salvarsan as a treatment for syphilis is credited to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chemotherapeutic agents that are artificially produced are most specifically referred to as __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The major reason why there are fewer antiprotozoan drugs than antibacterial drugs is because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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