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GoFire Inc., a manufacturer of sportswear, starts adding sweat resistant padding to its football helmets to enhance their comfort. This addition is most accurately termed a(n) _____.


A) incremental change
B) inconsequential change
C) second-order change
D) transformational change

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Owing to a recent legislation requiring game developers to restrict the amount of violence in their video games, DynaPlay Inc. removed certain violent elements from its upcoming line of games. This change is most accurately termed as a(n) _____.


A) emergent change
B) planned change
C) second-order change
D) transformational change

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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First-order changes are radical and fundamentally alter core assumptions.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following statements is True of organizational culture?


A) The public image of an organization is shaped by its organizational culture.
B) Weak organizational culture suggests strong emotional attachment to an organization.
C) Organizations with a strong organizational culture have higher turnover rates than do organizations with weak culture.
D) Organizations with a weak culture tend to have lower absenteeism rates than do organizations with a strong organizational culture.

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Which of the following statements is True of second-order change?


A) It is disruptive and discontinuous.
B) It implies a degree of continuity and order.
C) It primarily makes minor improvements to an existing structure.
D) It is based on traditional thinking that upholds current core assumptions.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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The management of shallow change requires more management capability and resources than implementing frame-breaking initiatives.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following statements implies that it would be a mistake to think that disruptive innovation is the solution to most current organizational problems?


A) Considerable business benefit can be achieved through small-scale initiatives and sustaining innovations.
B) Most organizations have highly profitable businesses based on unconventional, radical products.
C) New technology simply displaces old technology.
D) The appeal of old technologies is short-lived.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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According to Everett Rogers, who among the following take longer to reach a decision to change, but are still ahead of the average?


A) Innovators
B) Early majority
C) Late majority
D) Laggards

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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TrebleTip Corp., a producer of musical instruments, decides to start manufacturing personal computers that are compatible with its amplifiers and effects processors. This change by TrebleTip is a(n) _____.


A) shallow change
B) incremental change
C) first-order change
D) second-order change

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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_____ are opinion leaders who evaluate ideas carefully, take risks, help to adapt new ideas to local settings, and have effective networking skills.


A) Late adopters
B) Innovators
C) Early adopters
D) Laggards

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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_____ involves a specific initiative that solves a problem, and/or makes improvements, in ways that do not present a challenge to current methods and thinking.


A) First-order change
B) Second-order change
C) Transformational change
D) Radical change

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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_____ leads to organizational transformation, by introducing new products, services, and ways of doing business, based on creative lateral thinking that alters current core assumptions.


A) Incremental change
B) First-order change
C) Second-order change
D) Continuous change

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is the reason for the slow progress with internal corporate uses of social media?


A) Social media provides static "one-way" communication from conventional web pages.
B) Collaboration across organizational silos is prevented by social media.
C) The acquisition of specialized equipment is required for the use of social media.
D) There is a lack of clear return on the investment in social media.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following statements is True of operational innovations?


A) They are less difficult to implement than product innovations.
B) They have to be implemented before anyone can really see how they are going to work.
C) They are regarded by most companies as the most important source of competitive advantage.
D) They are overvalued by the current business culture.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Organizational culture is important because it influences organizational effectiveness.

A) True
B) False

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According to Everett Rogers, who among the following are skeptical and risk averse and wait for most of their colleagues to adopt new ideas first?


A) Early majority
B) Innovators
C) Late majority
D) Early adopters

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following statements is True of first-order change?


A) It alters current core assumptions.
B) It implies a degree of continuity and order.
C) It is disruptive and discontinuous.
D) It is rapid and groundbreaking.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Change management experience and capability have become "core selection factors" for candidates seeking promoted positions in many organizations.

A) True
B) False

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_____ are those that are implemented in anticipation of, or in response to, known trends and developments.


A) Planned changes
B) Adaptive changes
C) Reorientation changes
D) Emergent changes

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following is a suggestion for organizations seeking to develop the capabilities for handling disruptive innovation?


A) Organizations should consider acquiring an organization that already has the required capabilities.
B) Organizations should eliminate new structures such as dedicated, cross-functional teams.
C) Organizations should ensure that the disruptive innovation is complex and untestable.
D) Organizations should ensure that the disruptive innovation is less advantageous when compared with existing practice.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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