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Discuss the role that journals, the ledger, debits and credits and the trial balance play in the traditional approach to recording transactions (events).

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The journals and ledger play an importan...

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Income and expenses affect the profits made by an entity. Which of the following statements best describes how this fact is consistent with the accounting equation and the debit and credit rule?


A) Income increases equity and so should be a debit and expenses decrease equity and so should be a credit.
B) Income increases equity and so should be a credit and expenses decrease equity and so should be a debit.
C) Income decreases equity and so should be a debit and expenses increase equity and so should be a credit.
D) Income and expenses both affect equity and so both should be a credit if they are increasing.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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The owner of an entity pays cash into the company's cash at bank account. The effect of this is to record an increase to cash on the left-hand side of the worksheet and an increase to equity on the right-hand side of the worksheet. This is the same as recording a debit on the left-hand side of the T account Cash at Bank and a credit on the right-hand side of the T account Owners' Equity.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following accounts normally has a debit balance?


A) Liabilities
B) Owners' equity
C) Revenues
D) Expenses

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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An accounting journal is a book of original entry that is prepared to record transactions in chronological order.

A) True
B) False

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The balance sheet lists final account balances for which of the following elements of financial statements?


A) Assets and liabilities
B) Income and expenses
C) Assets, liabilities and owners' equity
D) Income, expenses and profit and loss

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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On 1 August XYZ Ltd issued $240 000 shares to shareholders in exchange for cash of $100 000 and land of $140 000. This transaction would be recorded in the general ledger as:


A) a debit to cash and land and a credit to share capital.
B) a credit to cash and land and a debit to share capital.
C) an increase to cash and land and a decrease to share capital.
D) a decrease to cash, and an increase to land and share capital.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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