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In 2008,more than 50 percent of General Motor's automobile's sales came from outside the United States.

A) True
B) False

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Exporting is a form of


A) intermediate market governance.
B) hierarchical governance.
C) vertical governance.
D) market governance.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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The ability to learn from operations can be helped if managers perceive that there is too much to be learned.

A) True
B) False

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In some international markets,adequate distribution networks exist but are tied up by new entrants to these markets.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Even if direct duplication of a firm's international strategies is ________,________ might still exist that limit the ability of that strategy to generate sustained competitive advantages.


A) costly; substitutes
B) inexpensive; substitutes
C) costly; fragmentation
D) inexpensive; fragmentation

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Improvements in the ________ infrastructure of business is one of the important contributors to the growth in the number of firms pursuing international strategies.


A) pecuniary
B) cultural
C) technological
D) corporate

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Embargoes are an example of nontariff barriers.

A) True
B) False

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General Electric (GE) uses a ________ structure to manage its global operations.


A) transnational
B) centralized hub
C) decentralized federation
D) coordinated federation

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Hard currencies are currencies that are traded,and thus have value,on international money markets.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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In a ________ structure,operational decisions are delegated to division general managers/country presidents,but broader strategic decisions are made at corporate headquarters.


A) transnational
B) centralized hub
C) coordinated federation
D) decentralized federation

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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Which one of the following is not a structural option for firms pursuing international strategies?


A) Corporate federation
B) Decentralized federation
C) Transnational structure
D) Centralized hub

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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A ________ strategy exploits all the advantages of both international integration and local responsiveness.


A) corporate
B) multinational
C) transnational
D) global

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Firms that seek to maximize their local responsiveness will tend to choose a ________ structure


A) transnational
B) centralized hub
C) decentralized federation
D) coordinated federation

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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An important economy of scope for Agrestal in pursuing international opportunities is


A) technology.
B) access to raw materials.
C) organizational learning.
D) synergy.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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In 2008,about a third of Wal-Mart's profits came from outside the United States.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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There are relatively few examples of pure ________ in today's economy.


A) decentralized federations
B) transnational structures
C) centralized hubs
D) coordinated federations

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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International strategies are an example of ________ strategies.


A) corporate
B) business
C) functional
D) operational

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Firms that attempt to optimize both local responsiveness and international integration will choose a ________ organizational structure.


A) centralized hub
B) transnational
C) coordinated federation
D) decentralized federation

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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International strategies are actually a special case of business strategies.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Different physical standards can require a firm pursuing international opportunities to change its current products or services to sell them into a nondomestic market.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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