Question 1

Which of the following are most susceptible to complement lysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gram-positive bacteria
B)  Gram-negative bacteria
C)  bacteriophages
D)  prionsE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

The four cardinal signs of inflammation are:

Accepted Answer

A)  flare, wheals, fever, cough
B)  rash, pus, heat, rubor
C)  heat, pain, vesicles, fever
D)  redness, heat, swelling, painE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

White blood cells called leukocytes are important in immunity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

All pathways of complement activation follow the same sequence after C3.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

A group of interacting serum proteins that provide a nonspecific defense mechanism is

Accepted Answer

A)  complement.
B)  interferon.
C)  glycoprotein.
D)  lysozyme.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

Interferons function to make cells

Accepted Answer

A)  resistant to viral replication.
B)  lyse when exposed to virus.
C)  non-motile when infected with virus.
D)  resistant to phagocytosis.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 7

The complement pathway that is activated by mannan-binding lectins is the

Accepted Answer

A)  classical pathway.
B)  alternate pathway.
C)  C3 pathway.
D)  lectin pathway.E) All of the above
F) A) and B) D

Question 8

A cell infected by viruses may die due to the actions of interferons. The same result would occur WITHOUT interferon-any cell infected by a virus would die directly from the virus. Is there any apparent benefit to the host organism from the interferon action?

Accepted Answer

A)  No-interferon is just an evolutionary leftover from a much earlier form of antiviral activity.It has no function now.
B)  Yes-when the interferon acts on a virally-infected cell, it shuts down protein production (which shuts down virus replication) .Without interferon, virus will kill the cell eventually, but only after it has replicated many times over.Interferons may kill the host cell, but they will also prevent it from being used to replicate virus.
C)  Yes-by killing host cells, you limit the number of cells that are available targets for viral infection.This is a good way of preventing viral infection.
D)  No-viruses will replicate in cells regardless of the effects of interferons, so their action of killing the cell has no benefit to the host organism during the infection process.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

The complement pathway that is activated by binding of C3b to cell surfaces is the

Accepted Answer

A)  classical pathway.
B)  alternate pathway.
C)  C3 pathway.
D)  mucociliary pathway.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 10

Which activity of the virally-invaded cell triggers production of interferon?

Accepted Answer

A)  activation of rRNA
B)  movement of nuclear proteins to the cytoplasm
C)  production of glycolipids
D)  production of dsRNAE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

The cellular organelle responsible for the digestion of ingested infectious agents is the

Accepted Answer

A)  endoplasmic reticulum.
B)  Golgi apparatus.
C)  phagolysosome.
D)  lysosome.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Following digestion of a microorganism by phagocytes, the debris is excreted by

Accepted Answer

A)  ingestion.
B)  exocytosis.
C)  extrusion.
D)  budding.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D) B

Question 13

Pattern recognition is involved in innate immunity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Factors that work generically against any foreign substance entering the host are described as

Accepted Answer

A)  innate immunity.
B)  specific immunity.
C)  irregular immunity.
D)  immune metabolism.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 15

The first kind of leukocyte lured to the site of inflammation is the

Accepted Answer

A)  neutrophil.
B)  monocyte.
C)  macrophage.
D)  basophil.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

The key molecule upon which all complement pathways converge is

Accepted Answer

A)  C1.
B)  C2.
C)  C3.
D)  C6.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D) C

Question 17

Mast cells are only found in the blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The complement pathway that requires antibodies to be activated is the

Accepted Answer

A)  alternate pathway.
B)  classical pathway.
C)  properdin pathway.
D)  inflammatory pathway.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

A physician is attempting new therapies for HIV patients who are suffering from an impaired immune response. He decides to try using a recombinant form of colony-stimulating factor cytokine (CSF) . Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  CSF is a strong inducer of antiviral activities in our cells, and may help our immune system fight off the effects of HIV for a longer period of time.
B)  CSF will hyperstimulate the activities of the macrophages, leading to ingestion and destruction of HIV-infected cells.
C)  CSF will help to stimulate the production of new lymphocytes-the very cells that are infected and depleted during an HIV infection.This may help to keep the patients' immune responses 'normal' for a longer period of time before they succumb to full-blown AIDS.
D)  CSF will drive up the production of lactoferrin, a strong antiviral compound produced in our mucus membrane secretions.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

What 2 functions do phagocytes serve in immune responses?

Accepted Answer

A)  Production of antibodies AND engulfment/destruction of foreign cells.
B)  Engulfment/destruction of foreign cells AND alerting the other cells of the immune system to an invader.
C)  Alerting the other cells of the immune system to an invader AND serving as a physical barrier against microbial invasion.
D)  Production of antibodies AND serving as a physical barrier against microbial invasion.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Exam 14: The Innate Immune Response

Which of the following are most susceptible to complement lysis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The four cardinal signs of inflammation are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

White blood cells called leukocytes are important in immunity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All pathways of complement activation follow the same sequence after C3.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A group of interacting serum proteins that provide a nonspecific defense mechanism is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Interferons function to make cells

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The complement pathway that is activated by mannan-binding lectins is the

Correct AnswerverifiedD

A cell infected by viruses may die due to the actions of interferons. The same result would occur WITHOUT interferon-any cell infected by a virus would die directly from the virus. Is there any apparent benefit to the host organism from the interferon action?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The complement pathway that is activated by binding of C3b to cell surfaces is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which activity of the virally-invaded cell triggers production of interferon?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cellular organelle responsible for the digestion of ingested infectious agents is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Following digestion of a microorganism by phagocytes, the debris is excreted by

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Pattern recognition is involved in innate immunity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Factors that work generically against any foreign substance entering the host are described as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The first kind of leukocyte lured to the site of inflammation is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The key molecule upon which all complement pathways converge is

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Mast cells are only found in the blood.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The complement pathway that requires antibodies to be activated is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A physician is attempting new therapies for HIV patients who are suffering from an impaired immune response. He decides to try using a recombinant form of colony-stimulating factor cytokine (CSF) . Why?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What 2 functions do phagocytes serve in immune responses?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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D

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B

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C

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